Encompasses various medical specialties that offer diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for a range of health conditions. It is included in the clinical processes.

High level description #

Subprocesses #

Admission and Initial Assessment #

This structured approach ensures that patients are accurately registered, promptly assessed, and have their medical histories thoroughly documented, facilitating effective and personalized medical care.

Activities and estimated duration #

Patient Reception and Registration

Ensure accurate and complete registration of patient information. Approximately 10-15 minutes.

Initial Assessment

Quickly evaluate the patient’s current health status and needs. Approximately 15-20 minutes.

Medical History Collection

Obtain a detailed medical history to support accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Approximately 20-30 minutes.

Diagnosis #

The “Diagnosis” process is designed to accurately identify the patient’s medical condition through a series of structured tasks.

This approach improves the accuracy of diagnoses and supports the development of effective treatment plans.

Activities and estimated duration #

Medical Consultation

Ensure a thorough clinical evaluation to guide further diagnostic steps. Approximately 20-30 minutes.

Diagnostic Tests

Conduct necessary tests to gather data for accurate diagnosis. Approximately 30-60 minutes.

Review and Analysis of Results

Analyze test results to formulate a diagnosis and plan further actions. Approximately 15-30 minutes.

Treatment #

Each task aims to provide effective and individualized care to the patient, ultimately leading to improved health outcomes.

BPMN diagram of the treatment process.

Activities and estimated duration #

Individualized Treatment Plan

Develop a personalized treatment plan based on diagnosis and patient needs. Approximately 30-60 minutes.

Medical Interventions

Perform medical procedures and interventions as outlined in the treatment plan. Approximately 60 minutes to 4 hours.

Medication and Therapy

Administer medications and non-surgical therapies to support the treatment plan. Approximately 15 minutes to 2 hours.

Follow-up and Monitoring #

The “Follow-up and Monitoring” subprocess is designed to ensure ongoing assessment and adjustment of the patient’s treatment plan to optimize their health outcomes.

This subprocess plays a crucial role in ensuring that patients receive appropriate and timely care following their initial treatment.

By conducting regular follow-up appointments, utilizing continuous monitoring technology, and making necessary treatment adjustments, healthcare providers can monitor the patient’s progress, address any emerging issues, and optimize their overall treatment outcomes.

Activities and estimated duration #

Follow-up Appointments

Schedule and conduct appointments to monitor the patient’s progress. Approximately 30 minutes per appointment.

Continuous Monitorin

Utilize technology for remote patient monitoring when necessary. Approximately 15-30 minutes.

Treatment Adjustments

Make modifications to the treatment plan based on the patient’s response. Approximately from 15 minutes for simple adjustments to 60 minutes for more complex decisions.

Management of Complex Cases #

This subprocess ensures that healthcare professionals from different disciplines work together seamlessly to provide the best possible care for patients with complex medical needs.

By fostering collaboration and communication through multidisciplinary coordination and regular team meetings, the subprocess facilitates the development of comprehensive treatment plans tailored to each patient’s unique requirements.

Activities and estimated duration #

Multidisciplinary Coordination

Coordinate among different specialties for managing complex cases requiring attention from multiple disciplines  Approximately 60 minutes per coordination session.

Team Meetings

Hold regular team meetings to discuss and plan the management of complex cases. Approximately 60-90 minutes per meeting.

Patient Education #

By providing clear medical instructions and conducting health education programs, healthcare providers empower patients to make informed decisions, adopt healthy behaviors, and effectively manage their health conditions.

Activities and estimated duration #

Medical Instructions

Provide the patient with clear information about their condition and treatment. Approximately 15-30 minutes per patient interaction.

Health Education

Conduct educational programs on disease management, healthy habits, and prevention. Approximately from 30 minutes for individual sessions to several hours for group educational programs.

Clinical Research #

This subprocess plays a crucial role in advancing medical knowledge by rigorously evaluating new treatments through clinical trials and sharing research findings with the broader scientific community.

By conducting trials and publishing results, healthcare professionals contribute to the development of evidence-based practices and the improvement of patient care.

Activities and estimated duration #

Clinical Trials

Manage and conduct clinical trials for the development of new treatments. Approximately  from several months to several years.

Publication of Results

Publish and disseminate research findings to contribute to medical advancement. Approximately from several weeks to several months.

Quality Control and Continuous Improvement #

By conducting regular assessments and implementing improvement initiatives, healthcare providers ensure that their practices align with quality standards and continuously strive for excellence in patient care delivery.

Activities and estimated duration #

Quality Assessment

Conduct regular audits and evaluations of clinical processes to ensure compliance with quality standards. Typically conducted on a regular basis, such as quarterly or annually, with each assessment lasting several weeks to months depending on the scope and complexity.

Continuous Improvement Programs

Implement initiatives to improve clinical processes based on evaluation results. Ongoing, with initiatives implemented and evaluated on a continual basis. Each improvement program may last several months to years, depending on its scope and objectives.

Technology and Information Systems #

This subprocess plays a critical role in modernizing healthcare delivery, ensuring data accuracy, and improving patient outcomes through the effective use of technology.

Activities and estimated duration #

Electronic Health Records (EHR)

Utilize and maintain EHR systems to manage patient information efficiently and securely. Implementation can vary widely depending on the complexity of the system and the size of the organization, ranging from several months to a year.

Ongoing maintenance and updates are typically conducted regularly, with each update or maintenance task lasting several hours to days.

Telemedicine

Implement and manage telemedicine services to facilitate remote consultations and improve access to healthcare. The initial setup of telemedicine infrastructure can take several weeks to months, depending on the complexity of the system.

Ongoing management and support for telemedicine services may require dedicated staff resources and can vary in duration depending on the volume of telemedicine consultations.

Administrative Management #

Activities and estimated duration #

Appointment Scheduling

Implement systems for efficient management of appointments and reduce waiting times. The implementation of appointment scheduling systems and protocols can vary, typically taking several weeks to months depending on the complexity of the clinic’s operations and the chosen software solution.

Ongoing monitoring and adjustments are conducted regularly to ensure efficiency.

Billing and Collections

Establish efficient billing and collections processes to ensure financial viability. The setup of billing and collections processes can take several weeks to months, depending on the complexity of the clinic’s financial operations and the integration of billing software.

Ongoing management and monitoring are conducted regularly to ensure timely payments and financial stability.

Human Resources

Efficiently manage clinical staff, including hiring, training, and performance evaluation.Human resources management is an ongoing process, with recruitment, training, and performance evaluation activities conducted regularly.

Each hiring cycle, training program, and performance evaluation typically lasts several weeks to months.

Safety and Infection Control #

The “Safety and Infection Control” subprocess depicted with BPMN involves implementing protocols for hygiene, safety, and medical waste management within the healthcare facility.

Activities include developing and enforcing hygiene protocols, training staff on infection control practices, and managing medical waste disposal.

Advantages include reduced infection risk, regulatory compliance, enhanced patient safety, and improved staff well-being, contributing to a safer and healthier environment for patients and healthcare workers.

Activities and estimated duration #

Hygiene and Safety Protocols

Implement protocols to prevent infections and maintain a safe environment within the healthcare facility. The implementation of hygiene and safety protocols is an ongoing process, with initial training and implementation activities lasting several weeks to months.

Regular monitoring and audits are conducted continuously to ensure compliance and effectiveness.

Medical Waste Management

Properly handle and dispose of medical waste to minimize the risk of infection and environmental contamination. The setup of medical waste management processes can take several weeks to months, depending on the size and complexity of the healthcare facility.

Ongoing training and monitoring activities are conducted regularly to ensure compliance and safety.

Emergency Care #

Through triaging patients, administering treatments, and implementing standardized response procedures, this process ensures timely and coordinated care delivery.

Advantages include improved patient outcomes through timely interventions, standardized protocols ensuring consistency and quality of care, enhanced staff readiness via regular training, and improved coordination among healthcare teams and responders, ultimately optimizing emergency care delivery and patient safety.

Activities and estimated duration #

Emergency Services

Provide immediate care for acute conditions and emergencies. The duration of emergency services can vary depending on the complexity and volume of cases. However, initial assessment and stabilization typically occur within minutes to hours, with ongoing care as needed until patients are stabilized or transferred.

Rapid Response Protocols

Implement protocols for quick and effective response to medical emergencies. The setup and training for rapid response protocols typically take several weeks to months, depending on the complexity of protocols and the frequency of drills. Ongoing reviews and updates are conducted regularly to ensure effectiveness.

Attributes #

Staff #

Doctors/Specialists: General practitioners, specialists (e.g., cardiologists, neurologists, oncologists), surgeons.

Nurses: Registered nurses (RNs), nurse practitioners (NPs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs).

Technicians: Radiology technicians, laboratory technicians, surgical technicians.

Support Staff: Administrative staff, medical assistants, receptionists.

Therapists: Physical therapists, occupational therapists, respiratory therapists.

Pharmacists: clinical pharmacists, pharmacy technicians.

Other Healthcare Providers: Psychologists, social workers, dietitians.

Material #

Medical Supplies: Bandages, dressings, and sutures, sterile gloves and gowns, syringes and needles.

Pharmaceuticals: Prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, vaccines.

Diagnostic Materials: Blood collection kits, swabs and specimen containers, reagents and test kits.

Surgical Supplies: Scalpels and surgical instruments, sterile drapes, anesthesia supplies.

Therapeutic Materials: Physical therapy equipment, mobility aids (e.g., crutches, wheelchairs), rehabilitation supplies.

Administrative Materials: Patient forms and documentation, office supplies, educational materials for patients.

Method #

Protocols and Guidelines: Clinical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment, infection control protocols, emergency response procedures.

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs): Admission and registration procedures, diagnostic testing procedures, treatment and medication administration procedures.

Quality Control Measures: Regular audits and assessments, continuous improvement programs, patient safety protocols.

Training Programs: Staff training and continuing education, simulation and drill exercises, patient education programs.

Communication Channels: Multidisciplinary team meetings, patient communication systems, coordination with external healthcare providers.

Machine #

Diagnostic Equipment: X-ray machines, MRI and CT scanners, ultrasound machines, laboratory analyzers.

Therapeutic Equipment: Dialysis machines, ventilators, infusion pumps.

Surgical Equipment: Operating tables, surgical lights, electrosurgical units.

IT and Information Systems: Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems, telemedicine platforms, patient monitoring systems.

Facility Infrastructure: Sterilization equipment, HVAC systems for infection control, emergency power supply (generators).

Patient Care Equipment: Hospital beds and stretchers, monitoring devices (e.g., ECG, blood pressure monitors), rehabilitation equipment (e.g., exercise machines).

Usual Loops #

Downloads #

BPMN graphs #

Download the collapsed BPMN diagram.

Download the expanded BPMN diagram.

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Use Case #

In this use case, some patients may require urgent care, while others can follow the regular care path. The administrative tasks and scheduling of follow-up appointments will take longer to perform depending on the number of support staff at the hospital.

In some cases, only patient education is required after diagnosis. The repetition of this activity (“Patient Education”) will depend on the patient’s understanding of the instructions given. Some difficult cases require an additional activity (“Management of Complex Cases”) before establishing a diagnosis.

For some patients, the diagnosis and subsequent treatment may not be correct, leading to the repetition of these activities, especially in cases where the doctors performing the “Diagnosis” and “Treatment” activities are different.

The recommended software is the Inverbis Healthcare platform. 

Download the use case data.

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